Verification record

Every claim in this article was checked against the abstracts of the papers it cites, by a separate pass that was given those abstracts and nothing else. A claim marked supported carries the sentence that supports it, quoted verbatim below.

References: 5
Claims checked: 6
Fully supported: 4
Checked on: Sep 21, 2026

Claim by claim

In a single-season field trial on an Ultisol in Bengkulu, Indonesia, composted cattle manure at 10 t/ha plus 75 percent of the recommended NPK rate gave the highest fresh bulb yield at 15.56 t/ha, 18.3 percent above the full-dose NPK reference.
SupportedUnclassifiedUnclassified. The study design could not be determined automatically.
“Manure with 75% NPK gave the highest fresh bulb yield (15.56 t ha⁻¹, 18.3% above the reference)”
The abstract confirms all details of the trial conditions, treatments (10 t/ha composted cattle manure combined with percentage rates of NPK), and the exact yield and percentage increase over the reference.
- [2] Manure-Driven Reduction of Inorganic Fertilizer Improves Bulb Yield and Post-Harvest Storability of Shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) in the Wet Tropical Lowlands of Bengkulu, Indonesia (2026)
Checked by google/gemini-3.8-flash on Sep 21, 2026
Manure plus 50 percent NPK matched the reference yield and raised the partial factor productivity of nitrogen from 88 to 192 kg/kg.
SupportedUnclassifiedUnclassified. The study design could not be determined automatically.
“Manure with 50% NPK matched the reference yield and raised the partial factor productivity of nitrogen from 88 to 192 kg kg⁻¹.”
The abstract directly confirms that manure with 50% NPK matched the reference yield and increased the partial factor productivity of nitrogen from 88 to 192 kg kg⁻¹.
- [2] Manure-Driven Reduction of Inorganic Fertilizer Improves Bulb Yield and Post-Harvest Storability of Shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) in the Wet Tropical Lowlands of Bengkulu, Indonesia (2026)
Checked by google/gemini-3.8-flash on Sep 21, 2026
After eight weeks of ambient storage, weight loss fell from 22.2 percent in the reference to 15.1 percent with manure plus 50 percent NPK, and marketable bulbs rose from 63.9 to 82.2 percent.
SupportedUnclassifiedUnclassified. The study design could not be determined automatically.
“After eight weeks of ambient storage, weight loss fell from 22.2% in the reference to 15.1% with manure and 50% NPK, and marketable bulbs rose from 63.9% to 82.2%.”
The claim accurately reflects the findings on weight loss and marketable bulb percentages after eight weeks of ambient storage.
- [2] Manure-Driven Reduction of Inorganic Fertilizer Improves Bulb Yield and Post-Harvest Storability of Shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) in the Wet Tropical Lowlands of Bengkulu, Indonesia (2026)
Checked by google/gemini-3.8-flash on Sep 21, 2026
Adding manure to the full NPK dose raised dry bulb yield but did not improve storability.
SupportedUnclassifiedUnclassified. The study design could not be determined automatically.
“Adding manure to the full NPK dose raised dry bulb yield but did not improve storability.”
The claim is quoted verbatim from the abstract.
- [2] Manure-Driven Reduction of Inorganic Fertilizer Improves Bulb Yield and Post-Harvest Storability of Shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) in the Wet Tropical Lowlands of Bengkulu, Indonesia (2026)
Checked by google/gemini-3.8-flash on Sep 21, 2026
Soil organic carbon and pH were higher in all manure treatments than in the reference.
Partially supportedUnclassifiedUnclassified. The study design could not be determined automatically.
“Soil organic carbon and pH were higher in all manure treatments.”
The abstract confirms that soil organic carbon and pH were higher in all manure treatments, but leaves the baseline comparator (whether the non-manure reference or initial soil conditions) implicit.
- [2] Manure-Driven Reduction of Inorganic Fertilizer Improves Bulb Yield and Post-Harvest Storability of Shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) in the Wet Tropical Lowlands of Bengkulu, Indonesia (2026)
Checked by google/gemini-3.8-flash on Sep 21, 2026
In a separate study on garlic, a different Allium species, cattle manure increased protein, total sugars, phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity relative to an unfertilized control.
Partially supportedField trialField trial
“Cattle manure proved to be the most effective treatment, increasing protein (by approx. 5.1%), total sugars (17.9%), sucrose (24.9%), sulfur content (7.2%), total phenolics (3.1%), flavonoids (30.7%), and antioxidant activity (by 5.2-23.1% depending on the assay) compared to the control”
The abstract confirms the reported increases from cattle manure compared to an unfertilized control in garlic (Allium sativum L.), but the framing of it as a 'separate study' involving a 'different Allium species' cannot be verified from this single abstract alone.
- [1] Bioactive, Antioxidant, and Nutritional Responses of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) to Fertilization Regimes (2026)
Checked by google/gemini-3.8-flash on Sep 21, 2026

What this does and does not prove

It proves that every DOI cited resolves to a real registered work whose returned DOI matches the one requested, that none of them is retracted, and that each claim has a named sentence in a cited abstract behind it.

It does not prove that the paper as a whole supports the claim. An abstract can overstate its own findings, and a sentence can be read out of context. That is why the quote is printed here rather than summarised: if the check is wrong, you can see that it is wrong.

Evidence grading is automatic and conservative. Anything it cannot classify is marked unclassified rather than flattered upward.